Explore 100 multiple choice questions (MCQs) on ancient world history. Perfect for history buffs and students, these questions cover key ancient civilizations, important historical figures, and major events. Test your knowledge now!
- Which of the following rivers was associated with the ancient civilization of Mesopotamia?
- A) Nile
- B) Tigris
- C) Amazon
- D) Ganges
- Answer: B) Tigris
- The Great Pyramid of Giza was built during the reign of which Pharaoh?
- A) Tutankhamun
- B) Ramses II
- C) Khufu
- D) Akhenaten
- Answer: C) Khufu
- Which ancient civilization is known for developing cuneiform writing?
- A) Egyptians
- B) Sumerians
- C) Harappans
- D) Chinese
- Answer: B) Sumerians
- The Code of Hammurabi is a well-preserved Babylonian code of law from which king?
- A) Nebuchadnezzar
- B) Sargon
- C) Hammurabi
- D) Ashurbanipal
- Answer: C) Hammurabi
- Which Greek city-state was known for its military-oriented society?
- A) Athens
- B) Sparta
- C) Corinth
- D) Thebes
- Answer: B) Sparta
- Who was the founder of the Achaemenid Empire?
- A) Xerxes
- B) Darius
- C) Cyrus the Great
- D) Cambyses
- Answer: C) Cyrus the Great
- Which ancient city is known for its hanging gardens, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World?
- A) Rome
- B) Athens
- C) Babylon
- D) Alexandria
- Answer: C) Babylon
- The Battle of Thermopylae was fought between which two groups?
- A) Romans and Carthaginians
- B) Greeks and Persians
- C) Egyptians and Hittites
- D) Chinese and Mongols
- Answer: B) Greeks and Persians
- Who is considered the father of history?
- A) Thucydides
- B) Herodotus
- C) Xenophon
- D) Plato
- Answer: B) Herodotus
- Which ancient civilization built the city of Machu Picchu?
- A) Aztecs
- B) Mayans
- C) Incas
- D) Olmecs
- Answer: C) Incas
- The Rosetta Stone was key to deciphering which ancient script?
- A) Cuneiform
- B) Hieroglyphics
- C) Linear B
- D) Sanskrit
- Answer: B) Hieroglyphics
- The epic poems “The Iliad” and “The Odyssey” are attributed to which ancient Greek poet?
- A) Homer
- B) Hesiod
- C) Sophocles
- D) Euripides
- Answer: A) Homer
- Which ancient empire was ruled by the Pharaohs?
- A) Persian Empire
- B) Greek Empire
- C) Roman Empire
- D) Egyptian Empire
- Answer: D) Egyptian Empire
- The ancient city of Carthage was located in which modern-day country?
- A) Egypt
- B) Italy
- C) Tunisia
- D) Spain
- Answer: C) Tunisia
- Which ancient civilization is credited with the invention of the wheel?
- A) Egyptians
- B) Sumerians
- C) Mayans
- D) Greeks
- Answer: B) Sumerians
- Which ancient Indian emperor converted to Buddhism and spread its teachings?
- A) Chandragupta Maurya
- B) Ashoka
- C) Harsha
- D) Samudragupta
- Answer: B) Ashoka
- The Peloponnesian War was fought between which two Greek city-states?
- A) Athens and Corinth
- B) Sparta and Thebes
- C) Athens and Sparta
- D) Thebes and Corinth
- Answer: C) Athens and Sparta
- The ancient kingdom of Kush was located to the south of which civilization?
- A) Greek
- B) Egyptian
- C) Roman
- D) Chinese
- Answer: B) Egyptian
- Which ancient philosopher was a student of Socrates and a teacher of Aristotle?
- A) Plato
- B) Pythagoras
- C) Zeno
- D) Epicurus
- Answer: A) Plato
- The Indus Valley Civilization is known for which major cities?
- A) Athens and Sparta
- B) Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro
- C) Rome and Carthage
- D) Babylon and Nineveh
- Answer: B) Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro
- Who was the Macedonian king that created one of the largest empires in ancient history?
- A) Alexander the Great
- B) Philip II
- C) Darius III
- D) Pericles
- Answer: A) Alexander the Great
- Which Roman emperor initiated the Pax Romana, a period of relative peace and stability?
- A) Julius Caesar
- B) Augustus
- C) Nero
- D) Constantine
- Answer: B) Augustus
- The ancient Olympic Games were held in honor of which Greek god?
- A) Zeus
- B) Apollo
- C) Athena
- D) Poseidon
- Answer: A) Zeus
- The Colosseum, an iconic symbol of ancient Rome, was used for what purpose?
- A) Religious ceremonies
- B) Gladiatorial contests
- C) Political meetings
- D) Educational lectures
- Answer: B) Gladiatorial contests
- Which Chinese dynasty is credited with the construction of the Great Wall of China?
- A) Shang
- B) Zhou
- C) Qin
- D) Han
- Answer: C) Qin
- Top-50-Cricket-World-Cup-2023-Quick-Facts
- The term “Pharaoh” originally referred to what in ancient Egypt?
- A) A god
- B) A king’s palace
- C) A high priest
- D) A river
- Answer: B) A king’s palace
- Which ancient civilization is known for the myth of the Minotaur and the Labyrinth?
- A) Egyptian
- B) Minoan
- C) Phoenician
- D) Sumerian
- Answer: B) Minoan
- Which of the following was a major seafaring and trading civilization located in present-day Lebanon?
- A) Etruscans
- B) Mycenaeans
- C) Phoenicians
- D) Persians
- Answer: C) Phoenicians
- Who was the first emperor of a unified China?
- A) Confucius
- B) Laozi
- C) Qin Shi Huang
- D) Han Wudi
- Answer: C) Qin Shi Huang
- The Trojan War, a central event in Greek mythology, was fought between the Trojans and which other group?
- A) Egyptians
- B) Persians
- C) Greeks
- D) Romans
- Answer: C) Greeks
- The Hanging Gardens of Babylon were reportedly built by which king?
- A) Hammurabi
- B) Nebuchadnezzar II
- C) Sargon
- D) Ashurbanipal
- Answer: B) Nebuchadnezzar II
- Which ancient civilization used the Quipu as a recording system?
- A) Maya
- B) Inca
- C) Aztec
- D) Olmec
- Answer: B) Inca
- Which famous ancient library was located in Egypt and considered one of the largest of its time?
- A) Library of Alexandria
- B) Library of Pergamum
- C) Library of Athens
- D) Library of Nineveh
- Answer: A) Library of Alexandria
- The ancient city of Pompeii was destroyed by the eruption of which volcano?
- A) Mount Etna
- B) Mount Vesuvius
- C) Mount Olympus
- D) Mount Parnassus
- Answer: B) Mount Vesuvius
- Which ancient philosopher wrote “The Republic”?
- A) Aristotle
- B) Socrates
- C) Plato
- D) Pythagoras
- Answer: C) Plato
- The Maurya Empire reached its height under which ruler?
- A) Chandragupta Maurya
- B) Bindusara
- C) Ashoka
- D) Samudragupta
- Answer: C) Ashoka
- Which ancient civilization is known for its pyramids and mummies?
- A) Greek
- B) Roman
- C) Egyptian
- D) Mesopotamian
- Answer: C) Egyptian
- The ancient law code known as the Twelve Tables was created in which civilization?
- A) Greece
- B) Rome
- C) Persia
- D) Egypt
- Answer: B) Rome
- The Parthenon is a temple dedicated to which Greek goddess?
- A) Hera
- B) Artemis
- C) Athena
- D) Aphrodite
- Answer: C) Athena
- Which civilization built the city of Teotihuacan?
- A) Maya
- B) Inca
- C) Aztec
- D) Olmec
- Answer: C) Aztec
- The ancient civilization of Mycenae was located in which present-day country?
- A) Italy
- B) Turkey
- C) Greece
- D) Egypt
- Answer: C) Greece
- Which Carthaginian general famously crossed the Alps with elephants to invade Italy?
- A) Hamilcar
- B) Hannibal
- C) Hasdrubal
- D) Mago
- Answer: B) Hannibal
- The Battle of Actium in 31 BCE was a decisive conflict between which two leaders?
- A) Julius Caesar and Pompey
- B) Octavian and Mark Antony
- C) Nero and Caligula
- D) Constantine and Maxentius
- Answer: B) Octavian and Mark Antony
- Which ancient civilization is known for the development of the zodiac system?
- A) Chinese
- B) Mesopotamian
- C) Egyptian
- D) Indian
- Answer: B) Mesopotamian
- Which Persian king attempted to conquer Greece in the early 5th century BCE?
- A) Cyrus the Great
- B) Darius I
- C) Xerxes I
- D) Artaxerxes I
- Answer: B) Darius I
- Which ancient Roman structure was used for chariot races?
- A) Colosseum
- B) Pantheon
- C) Circus Maximus
- D) Forum
- Answer: C) Circus Maximus
- Which dynasty is considered the first historically confirmed Chinese dynasty?
- A) Shang
- B) Zhou
- C) Qin
- D) Han
- Answer: A) Shang
- The Hittites were an ancient civilization located in which region?
- A) Mesopotamia
- B) Anatolia
- C) Levant
- D) Persia
- Answer: B) Anatolia
- Which Greek philosopher taught Alexander the Great?
- A) Socrates
- B) Plato
- C) Aristotle
- D) Pythagoras
- Answer: C) Aristotle
- The ancient city of Troy is located in which modern-day country?
- A) Greece
- B) Turkey
- C) Italy
- D) Egypt
- Answer: B) Turkey
- One-Word-Answer-Questions-on-Interesting-and-Funny-World-Facts
- Which Roman emperor is known for his extensive building projects, including a wall in Britain?
- A) Nero
- B) Hadrian
- C) Trajan
- D) Augustus
- Answer: B) Hadrian
- Which ancient civilization is credited with the invention of paper?
- A) Egyptian
- B) Chinese
- C) Greek
- D) Roman
- Answer: B) Chinese
- The Vedas are ancient texts associated with which religion?
- A) Buddhism
- B) Hinduism
- C) Jainism
- D) Zoroastrianism
- Answer: B) Hinduism
- Which ancient ruler is known for his conquests and the subsequent spread of Hellenistic culture?
- A) Julius Caesar
- B) Alexander the Great
- C) Darius the Great
- D) Ramses II
- Answer: B) Alexander the Great
- Which early civilization developed the concept of zero?
- A) Greek
- B) Roman
- C) Indian
- D) Egyptian
- Answer: C) Indian
- Which ancient civilization built the city of Petra?
- A) Phoenicians
- B) Nabataeans
- C) Egyptians
- D) Sumerians
- Answer: B) Nabataeans
- Which ancient philosopher is known for the quote “I think, therefore I am”?
- A) Aristotle
- B) Plato
- C) Socrates
- D) None of the above
- Answer: D) None of the above (The quote is by René Descartes, who is not an ancient philosopher)
- The Oracle of Delphi was a priestess dedicated to which Greek god?
- A) Zeus
- B) Apollo
- C) Athena
- D) Poseidon
- Answer: B) Apollo
- The ancient city of Persepolis was the ceremonial capital of which empire?
- A) Roman Empire
- B) Greek Empire
- C) Persian Empire
- D) Egyptian Empire
- Answer: C) Persian Empire
- Which ancient Greek historian wrote “The History of the Peloponnesian War”?
- A) Herodotus
- B) Thucydides
- C) Xenophon
- D) Plutarch
- Answer: B) Thucydides
- The Bhagavad Gita is a sacred text in which religion?
- A) Buddhism
- B) Hinduism
- C) Jainism
- D) Sikhism
- Answer: B) Hinduism
- Which ancient civilization is known for creating the first alphabet?
- A) Egyptians
- B) Phoenicians
- C) Sumerians
- D) Greeks
- Answer: B) Phoenicians
- The Hanging Gardens of Babylon were constructed under the rule of which king?
- A) Hammurabi
- B) Nebuchadnezzar II
- C) Sargon
- D) Cyrus the Great
- Answer: B) Nebuchadnezzar II
- The city of Rome was founded in which year according to legend?
- A) 753 BCE
- B) 509 BCE
- C) 146 BCE
- D) 27 BCE
- Answer: A) 753 BCE
- The ancient Egyptian writing system is known as what?
- A) Cuneiform
- B) Sanskrit
- C) Hieroglyphics
- D) Latin
- Answer: C) Hieroglyphics
- Which ancient Greek philosopher is known for his method of questioning?
- A) Plato
- B) Aristotle
- C) Socrates
- D) Epicurus
- Answer: C) Socrates
- Which civilization built the famous city of Machu Picchu?
- A) Maya
- B) Inca
- C) Aztec
- D) Olmec
- Answer: B) Inca
- The Roman Empire split into two halves in which year?
- A) 284 CE
- B) 330 CE
- C) 395 CE
- D) 476 CE
- Answer: C) 395 CE
- Which ancient city is known for its extensive sewer system, including the Great Bath?
- A) Harappa
- B) Athens
- C) Rome
- D) Babylon
- Answer: A) Harappa
- The legendary founder of the Persian Empire, known for his tolerance and diplomacy, is who?
- A) Xerxes
- B) Cyrus the Great
- C) Darius I
- D) Artaxerxes
- Answer: B) Cyrus the Great\
- Which of the following rivers was associated with the ancient civilization of Mesopotamia?
- A) Nile
- B) Tigris
- C) Amazon
- D) Ganges
- Answer: B) Tigris
- The Great Pyramid of Giza was built during the reign of which Pharaoh?
- A) Tutankhamun
- B) Ramses II
- C) Khufu
- D) Akhenaten
- Answer: C) Khufu
- Which ancient civilization is known for developing cuneiform writing?
- A) Egyptians
- B) Sumerians
- C) Harappans
- D) Chinese
- Answer: B) Sumerians
- The Code of Hammurabi is a well-preserved Babylonian code of law from which king?
- A) Nebuchadnezzar
- B) Sargon
- C) Hammurabi
- D) Ashurbanipal
- Answer: C) Hammurabi
- Which Greek city-state was known for its military-oriented society?
- A) Athens
- B) Sparta
- C) Corinth
- D) Thebes
- Answer: B) Sparta
- Who was the founder of the Achaemenid Empire?
- A) Xerxes
- B) Darius
- C) Cyrus the Great
- D) Cambyses
- Answer: C) Cyrus the Great
- Which ancient city is known for its hanging gardens, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World?
- A) Rome
- B) Athens
- C) Babylon
- D) Alexandria
- Answer: C) Babylon
- The Battle of Thermopylae was fought between which two groups?
- A) Romans and Carthaginians
- B) Greeks and Persians
- C) Egyptians and Hittites
- D) Chinese and Mongols
- Answer: B) Greeks and Persians
- Who is considered the father of history?
- A) Thucydides
- B) Herodotus
- C) Xenophon
- D) Plato
- Answer: B) Herodotus
- Which ancient civilization built the city of Machu Picchu?
- A) Aztecs
- B) Mayans
- C) Incas
- D) Olmecs
- Answer: C) Incas
- The Rosetta Stone was key to deciphering which ancient script?
- A) Cuneiform
- B) Hieroglyphics
- C) Linear B
- D) Sanskrit
- Answer: B) Hieroglyphics
- The epic poems “The Iliad” and “The Odyssey” are attributed to which ancient Greek poet?
- A) Homer
- B) Hesiod
- C) Sophocles
- D) Euripides
- Answer: A) Homer
- Which ancient empire was ruled by the Pharaohs?
- A) Persian Empire
- B) Greek Empire
- C) Roman Empire
- D) Egyptian Empire
- Answer: D) Egyptian Empire
- The ancient city of Carthage was located in which modern-day country?
- A) Egypt
- B) Italy
- C) Tunisia
- D) Spain
- Answer: C) Tunisia
- Which ancient civilization is credited with the invention of the wheel?
- A) Egyptians
- B) Sumerians
- C) Mayans
- D) Greeks
- Answer: B) Sumerians
- Which ancient Indian emperor converted to Buddhism and spread its teachings?
- A) Chandragupta Maurya
- B) Ashoka
- C) Harsha
- D) Samudragupta
- Answer: B) Ashoka
- The Peloponnesian War was fought between which two Greek city-states?
- A) Athens and Corinth
- B) Sparta and Thebes
- C) Athens and Sparta
- D) Thebes and Corinth
- Answer: C) Athens and Sparta
- The ancient kingdom of Kush was located to the south of which civilization?
- A) Greek
- B) Egyptian
- C) Roman
- D) Chinese
- Answer: B) Egyptian
- Which ancient philosopher was a student of Socrates and a teacher of Aristotle?
- A) Plato
- B) Pythagoras
- C) Zeno
- D) Epicurus
- Answer: A) Plato
- The Indus Valley Civilization is known for which major cities?
- A) Athens and Sparta
- B) Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro
- C) Rome and Carthage
- D) Babylon and Nineveh
- Answer: B) Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro
- Who was the Macedonian king that created one of the largest empires in ancient history?
- A) Alexander the Great
- B) Philip II
- C) Darius III
- D) Pericles
- Answer: A) Alexander the Great
- Which Roman emperor initiated the Pax Romana, a period of relative peace and stability?
- A) Julius Caesar
- B) Augustus
- C) Nero
- D) Constantine
- Answer: B) Augustus
- The ancient Olympic Games were held in honor of which Greek god?
- A) Zeus
- B) Apollo
- C) Athena
- D) Poseidon
- Answer: A) Zeus
- The Colosseum, an iconic symbol of ancient Rome, was used for what purpose?
- A) Religious ceremonies
- B) Gladiatorial contests
- C) Political meetings
- D) Educational lectures
- Answer: B) Gladiatorial contests
- Which Chinese dynasty is credited with the construction of the Great Wall of China?
- A) Shang
- B) Zhou
- C) Qin
- D) Han
- Answer: C) Qin
- Top-50-Cricket-World-Cup-2023-Quick-Facts
- The term “Pharaoh” originally referred to what in ancient Egypt?
- A) A god
- B) A king’s palace
- C) A high priest
- D) A river
- Answer: B) A king’s palace
- Which ancient civilization is known for the myth of the Minotaur and the Labyrinth?
- A) Egyptian
- B) Minoan
- C) Phoenician
- D) Sumerian
- Answer: B) Minoan
- Which of the following was a major seafaring and trading civilization located in present-day Lebanon?
- A) Etruscans
- B) Mycenaeans
- C) Phoenicians
- D) Persians
- Answer: C) Phoenicians
- Who was the first emperor of a unified China?
- A) Confucius
- B) Laozi
- C) Qin Shi Huang
- D) Han Wudi
- Answer: C) Qin Shi Huang
- The Trojan War, a central event in Greek mythology, was fought between the Trojans and which other group?
- A) Egyptians
- B) Persians
- C) Greeks
- D) Romans
- Answer: C) Greeks
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